Internal-combustion engine.



Jj. VV. BEGGS.

INTER-NAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.16, 1918.

1,299,662., Patented Apr. 8, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. W. BEGGS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FlLED APR.|6.1918.

1,299,662, Patented Apr, 8, 191).

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JOSEPH W. BEGGS, 0F WINNIPEG, MANITOBA, CANADA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 8, 1919.

Application led April 16, 1918-. Serial No. 228,960.

sion of the explosive mixture and the ex.

haust and scavenging of the spent gases in the several cylinders is controlled by the movement of the several pistons in uncovering and closing at proper instants inlet and exhaust ports to and from the cylinders and in arranging the parts such that the admission of the charge to one cylinder is by way of another cylinder and can only take place when the pistons of the said cylinders are in proper relation one to the other. n

A further object of the invention 1s to provide in an engine of this class, a con-v struction that will permit of the effective scavenging of the spent gases from the cylinders.

With the above principal and other minor objects in view, the invention consists essentially in the arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter more particularly described and later pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawing in Which:-

Figure 1 represents a vertical cross sectional view through an engine constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 represents a vertical sectional view longitudinally through the engine.

Fig. 3 represents a horizontal sectional view through one of the engine cylinders, the section being taken in the plane denoted by the line X-X Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 represents a perspective View of one of the pistons.

In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

I Wish here to explain that the present invention relates to that type of engine wherein the cylinders and crank case rotate about a stationary crank shaft and are supplied through the crank shaft with the firing mixture.

Reverting now to the drawings, 1 represents the crank case of which 2 is the body portion carrying the cylinders and 3 and 4 are the end plates, provided, the one with a closed hub like extension 3 rotatably mounted in the pedestal 5 and the other with an extension 4 rotatably mounted on the tubular or hollow stationary crank shaft 6 carried by any' suitable support indicated at 7.

From the above disclosure it will be a parent that the crank case is rotatabiy mounted to turn around the longitudinal axis of the crank shaft.

While I have shown a special mounting for theA crank case, still it will be readily understood that this can be modified without 1n the least departing from the invention which requires only a rotating crank case' and a fixed crank shaft on which the crank case turns as center and through which the firing mixture is admitted.

8 represents an extension of the crank shaft which is mounted in the extension 3 of the end plate 3. The crank shaft and its extension are both fitted with eccentric heads 9 and 10 which carry a stationary crank pin 1l.

The cylinders 12 of the engine are all mounted on the crank case being disposed radially inrespect to the crank shaft and equal distance therefrom and within the cylinders I locate the reciprocating pistons 13.

As the cylinders and pistons. are all identical in construction I have considered it only necessary to describe one of each of them.

Each cylinder is fitted on the outside with radiating ribs 14 and has the inner end thereof screw threaded `or otherwise suitably fastened to the casing and ope-ning to the interior thereof. The outer end of the cylinder is closed' by a cylinder head 15 which is formed with a thimble like extension 16 which carries the spark plug 17, having the electrode thereof extending within the cylinder.

Each cylinder is supplied at the one side and toward' the inner end with an entry port 18 for the charge and an air inlet port 19 and at the other side with a charge outlet port 20 and with a scavenging or eX- haust port 21,.

The particular arrangement of the ports will be hereinafter described.

Within each cylinder is a reciprocating piston 13- which is inthe nalture of a Sleeve 13 provided with an internal cross head 132 'appearing somewhat in from the inner end of the sleeve.

Here it is to be noticed that the outer end ofthe sleeve is slid-ably received within the annular space 16 reserved between the thimble like extension of the head l5 anJd the inner wall of the cylinder and in this connection I may stat-e that the outer en-d of the sleeve never withdraws entirely from the annular space, so that the explosion chamber 22 of the cylinder is at all times bounded by the inner end of the extension 16, the cross head 132 and the sleeve. The sleeve is provided in a location to the inner side of the cross head 13z with' an outlet rport 23 and in ya location to the outer side ofthe head and at opposite sides of the sleeves with an inlet port 24 an'd an exhaust port 25.

On the crank pin I mount rotatably the inner disk like ends 26 and 27 of a master connecting rod 28 which has the outer end thereof pivotallysecured by a pin 29 to lugs 30 and 31 which are provided on the inner sides of lall the cross heads of the pistons. Other connecting rods 32 are connected by suitably ositioned pivot pins 33 to the disks 26 and 2 and have their outer ends pivotally mounted on the pins 29 of the remaining pistons. The pins 33 are 4all arranged concentric to the crank pin Ian'd the connecting rods are all of equal len h.

j the charge The ports 18 and 20 of adjacent cylinders are connected by pipes 34.

With this type of engine the explosive mixtureis fed lunder compression through the crank shaft 6 to the interior of the casing, but as this forms no p-art of this invention I have not considered it necessary to ldescribe the manner in which it is done.

The electrodes of the s ark plugs are all arranged in .a suitable electric circuit, arranged so that a jump spark can be had between the inner ends of the terminals at a proper instant during the rotation of the cylinders. As the electric circuit containing the spark plugs forms no part of my invention and as it is well known aS associated with other engines such as the Gnome engine, I have not considered it necessary to show or describe the circuit.

Directing attention now to Fig. 1 of the drawings and particularly to the cylinders indicated by the reference characters A and B, I will now describe the manner in which is admitted, fired and exhausted from the cylinders assuming that the rotation of the cylinders around the crank shaft is indicated by the applied arrow in the said figure and that the position of the pistons to begin with is as shown.

The charge 1s admitted from case to the working chamber 22 of the cylinthe crank Y der A from the cylinder B, asit will be seen that the port 23 of the piston in the cylinder B is registering with the port 20 of said cylinder and that the .port 18 of the cylinder A is 'registering with the port 24 of the piston in the cylinder A. Accordingly there is a direct passage through the connecting pipe 34 for the charge to enter the chamber 22 of the cylinder A and by way of the cylinder B. In the rotation of the engine in the direction indicated by the arrow, the piston in the cylinder A moves out and initially passes the port 24 away from the port 18 closing it. Immediately this port closes, the charge is confined in the chamber and is compressed and is fired by means of the spark plug when the said piston is at the outer end of its stroke. After the charge is fired, the piston moves in and during the inward movement the port 23 rst passes the port 20. Then the port 24 passes port 18 but at this time neither of the pistons in' the adjacent cylinders are in a position such that there can be any escape through the .pipes 34 on opposite sides of the cylinder A. After the port 24 passes the port 18, it is brought to register with the port 19 and coincident with the registering of these latter ports, the ports 21 and 25 are brought into registration With the result that in therotation of the engine, fresh air is admitted to the explosion chamberat the inner end of the stroke and scavenging is effected as the piston initially travels out, and thisv particularly in view of the fact that the port 24 is closed in passing between the ports 19 and 18, while the port 25 is still partially registering with the port 21. When the port 24 is finally returned to a position Where it again registers with the port 18, the exhaust port 21 has been closed and the cylinder then again goes through the same cycle of operation as just described.

The action just disclosed in'respect to the cylinder A as associated with cylinder B takes placeA once in each cylinder for each revolution of the engine, that is to say, each following cylinder is receiving its firing mixture from the crank case through the leading cylinder and' is going through/ its cycle of operation each time it is rotated once around the crank shaft.

From the above disclosure it will be apparent that I have provided an en ine which has no mechanically operated va ves but is equipped with stationary and moving ports which control admission, compression, eX- haust and scavenging. j

What I claim as my invention is 1. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine the combination with a stationary tubular crank shaft presenting an mounted to rotate around the crank shaft and rcceivin the firing mixture, a plurality of radlating cylinders carried by the casing and pistons mounted for receiprocation within the cylinders, of a master connecting rod connecting one of the pistons with the crank pin, connecting rods connecting the other of the pistons with the master rod and means for passing the firing mixture from the interior of the crank casing to the explosion chambers of the cylinders, said means being arranged such that the explosive mixture is admitted to one of the cylinders by way of another of the cylinders.

2. In a multi le cylinder internal combustion 'engine t e combination with a stationary hollow crank shaft for admitting the explosive mixture to the engine, a crank casing rotatably mounted in respect to the crank shaft and receiving the explosive mixture from the crank shaft, an eccentrically located crank pin associated with the 'crank shaft and a plurality of radiating cylinders secured to the crank casing and rotatable therewith and having air inlet and scavenging exhaust ports therein, of sleeve-like pistons operatively mounted within the cylinders and provided each with an internal cross head and having an exhaust port located at the outer end of the sleeve, an inlet port located in the sleeve to the outer side of the cross head, an outlet port located in the inner end of the sleeve to the inner side of the cross head, a connecting pipe connecting adjacent cylinders and arranged such that in the reciprocation of the pistons the inlet port of a selected piston will be directly in communication with the one end of the connecting pipe when the outlet port of the piston in the -adjacent cylinder is communicating with the other end of the connecting pipe, a master connecting rod connecting the crank pin With one of the pistons and connecting rods connecting the other of the pistons to the master rod.

3. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine wherein the cylinders rotate around the crank shaft and the crank casing is utilized to receive the ring mixture, means for passing the firing mixture from the crank casing to the several explosion chambers of the cylinders and in a manner such that the explosive mixture has to pass to any selected explosion chamber by Way of another cylinder and the time of admission of the explosive mixture to the said selected explosive chamber is controlled by the pistons of the cylinders.

4. In a multiple cylinder engine the combination with a rotatably mounted crank case, of a plurality of cylinders carried by the casing and each provided with an exhaust port, an air inlet port, an adjoining charge inlet port and an opposing charge outlet port, a sleeve-like piston operatively mounted in each cylinder and fitted with an internal cross head and having a scavenging exhaust port located toward the outer end ot the piston, a charge inlet port located adjacent the outer side of the cross head and a charge outlet port located to the'inner side of the cross head, a connecting pipe connecting the charge inlet port of one cylinder with the charge outlet port of another of the cylinders and means for operating the pistons within the cylinders to effect the admission of the charge to the explosion chambers of the cylinders by Way of the connecting pipes and through the charge outlet and inlet ports of the pistons.

5. In a multiple cylinder engine the combination with a rotatably mounted crank case, of a plurality of radially disposed cylinders carried by the casing and each provided toward the outer end with an exhaust port and toward the inner end, at the side opposite the exhaust port, with a charge inlet port and an air inlet port, and at the inner side, in a location opposing the latter ports. with a charge outlet port, a sleevelike piston operatively mounted in each cylinder and fitted with an internal cross head and having a scavenging exhaust port located in the outer end of each sleeve and positioned to register in the reciprocation of the piston with the scavenging exhaust port, a charge inlet port passing through the sleeve in a location to the outer side of the cross head and positioned to register, in the reciprocation of the piston, with the charge inlet portand the air inlet port of the cylinder and a charge outlet port in the sleeve to the inner side of the cross head and designed to register with the charge outlet port of the cylinder in the reciprocation of the piston and means for reciprocating the piston t0 eiect the registration and closing, at proper intervals, of the respective ports.

6. In a multiple cylinder engine the combination with a rotatably mounted crank case, of a plurality of radially disposed cylinders carried by the casing and each provided toward the o-uter end with an exhaust port and toward the inner end, at the side opposite the exhaust port, with a charge inlet port and an air inlet port, and at the inner end, in a location opposing the latter ports, with a charge outlet port, a sleevelike piston operatively mounted in each cylinder and fitted with an internal cross head and having a scavenging exhaust port located in the outer end of each sleeve and positioned to register in the reciprocation of the piston, with the scavenging exhaust port, a charge inlet port passing through the sleeve in a location to the outer side of the crosshead and positioned to register, in the reclprocaton of the piston, with the charge inlet port and the air inlet port of the cylinder and a. charge outlet port in the sleeve to the inner side of the cross head and designed to register `with the charge outlet port of the cylinder in the reciprocation of the piston, a connecting pipe connectingA the charge inlet port of one cylinder with the charge outlet port of the adjacent cylinder and means for reciprocating the pistons within the cylinders in the rotation 0f the 10 JOSEPH W. BEGGS. 

